Dimensional mismatches are addressed using improvement actions developed in Dr. Lee’s research, About Good Work. For each work dimension in need of redesign, several work redesign actions are recommended in order to mitigate the mismatch. These actions are based on past work redesign efforts from automotive and marine manufacturers in Europe, Japan, Brazil, and the United States.

 

Work Dimensions Work Improvement Actions

Compensation

  • Establish a profit sharing program
  • Reward workers with increases based on learning new skills
  • Make all attempts to prevent laying off tenured workers
  • Offer competitive compensation to employees based on local/regional employment census 
   
Safety
  • Improve workplace ergonomics and environmental factors
  • Ensure workspace accommodates workers of all levels of abilities
  • Mechanize, automate or otherwise avoid dirty, heavy, noisy work
  • Orient the workpiece to suit the worker
  • Rotate workers between tasks during the work day to prevent repetitive motion injuries
  • Establish a workplace ergonomics council to evaluate and monitor work
   
Social Interaction
  • Schedule breaks so entire teams, or even the plant, takes breaks at the same time
  • Use small groups working together
  • Schedule regular team meetings to encourage communication
  • Cross train employees on their co-workers tasks
   
Variety
  • Rotate workers between tasks during the work day to prevent boredom and burnout
  • Rotate workers between departments or tasks for extended periods of time
  • Expand tasks so that individuals or teams build significant portion or entire product
  • Design work with long cycle times
  • Give workers responsibilities beyond that of production
   
Aesthetics
  • Provide access to green areas, recreational areas, and lunch rooms
  • Maintain workplace to ensure sanitary conditions for workers
  • Focus attention on proper lighting, mitigating vibration, and controlling noise
   
Feedback
  • Give individuals responsibility for inspection and quality of own work
  • Give teams responsibility for inspection and quality of own work
  • Provide timely user feedback to teams
   
Accomplishment and Status
  • Build leadership at all levels of the organization (opportunities for workers to serve on councils or committees)
  • Make all attempts to prevent laying off tenured workers
  • Build the status of workers through job titles
   
Demand
  • Establish buffers of work in process to allow work pace to vary without affecting production rate
  • Allow components or subassemblies to be completed away from main assembly line
  • Expand work tasks to whole units or major components and build in parallel
  • Ensure workers are properly equipped and capable of meeting performance goals
  • Strive for continuous improvement (Kaizen) of work methods
   
Autonomy
  • Promote autonomous function of work teams
  • Involve workers in the creation of work standards and production plans
  • Allow teams to schedule their production hours if possible, allow working remotely when possible
  • Allow workers to question established rules without fearing repercussions
  • Engage workers in the selection and evaluation of their management
  • Give workers a measure of control over their compensation
  • Give workers the opportunity to know and interact with end users
   
Value
  • Expand work cycles so that individuals build significant or entire parts of a product
  • Create opportunities for workers to interact with end users or downstream customers of their task
  • Build small working teams that are responsible for their own work
  • Allow workers to provide input for organizational-level issues
  • Disclose information such as finances, productivity, and salary distribution to workforce
  • Fit jobs to people
   
Technical Growth
  • Promote job rotation to prevent burnout and increase skillset
  • Cross train workers to perform their co-workers tasks and learn more about the whole process
  • Offer workers the opportunity to receive job-related skills (i.e. classes)
  • Increase compensation as workers expand their job-related skills
   
Personal Growth
  • Allow workers the flexibility to pursue personal interests and/or work later in life
  • Avoid security searches or personal intrusions that could be considered demeaning